* {
    -webkit-box-sizing: border-box;
    -moz-box-sizing: border-box;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

:root {
    --main-color: #111;
    --main-lighter-color: #999999;
    --main-lightest-color: white;
    --secondary-color: #1bb382;
    --text-body-color: #7f8c8d;
}

/*
 * -- BASE STYLES --
 * Most of these are inherited from Base, but I want to change a few.
 */
body {
    line-height: 1.7em;
    color: var(--text-body-color);
    font-size: 15px;
}

h1,
h2,
h3,
h4,
h5,
h6,
label {
    color: var(--main-color);
}

.pure-img-responsive {
    max-width: 100%;
    height: auto;
}

html, button, input, select, textarea,
.pure-g [class *= "pure-u"] {
    /* Set your content font stack here: */
    font-family: 'Oswald', sans-serif;
}

a {
    text-decoration: none;
}

a:link,
a:active,
a:visited {
    color: var(--main-color);
}

a:hover {
    color: var(--main-lighter-color);
}

/*
 * -- LAYOUT STYLES --
 * These are some useful classes which I will need
 */
.l-box {
    padding: 1em;
}

.l-box-lrg {
    padding: 2em;
}

.is-center {
    text-align: center;
}

.centered-content {
    display: block;
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
}


/*
 * -- FORM STYLES --
 * Form styling
 */
.pure-form label {
    margin: 1em 0 0;
    font-weight: bold;
    font-size: 100%;
}

.pure-form input[type] {
    border: 2px solid var(--main-lighter-color);
    box-shadow: none;
    font-size: 100%;
    width: 100%;
    margin-bottom: 1em;
}

.pure-form select {
    height: auto;
    border: 2px solid var(--main-lighter-color);
}

.pure-form textarea {
    border: 2px solid var(--main-lighter-color);
}

.error-msg {
    color: var(--secondary-color);
    font-style: bold;
    float: left;
    padding-left: 0.4em;
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

.pure-form input:focus:valid,
.pure-form select:focus:valid,
.pure-form textarea:focus:valid {
    border: 2px solid var(--secondary-color);
}

/*
 * -- PURE BUTTON STYLES --
 * Button styling
 */
.pure-button {
    background-color: var(--secondary-color);
    color: var(--main-lightest-color);
    padding: 0.5em 2em;
    border-radius: 5px;
}

a.pure-button {
    color: var(--main-lightest-color);
}

a.pure-button-primary {
    background: var(--main-color);
    color: var(--main-lightest-color);
    border-radius: 5px;
    font-size: 120%;
}

a:hover.pure-button-primary {
    background: var(--main-lightest-color);
    color: var(--main-color);
}


/*
 * -- MENU STYLES --
 * Home menu (top of page) styles
 */
.home-menu {
    padding: 0.3em;
    text-align: left;
    box-shadow: 0 3px 3px rgba(0,0,0, 0.10);
    background: var(--main-color);
}

.home-menu ul {
    float: right;
}

.pure-menu.pure-menu-fixed {
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--main-lighter-color);
    /* Higher z-index for scroll-over effect. */
    z-index: 4;
}

.home-menu .pure-menu-heading {
    color: var(--main-lightest-color);
    font-weight: 700;
    font-size: 120%;
    float: left;
}

.home-menu .pure-menu-selected a {
    color: var(--main-color);
    background: var(--main-lightest-color);
    border: 0.2em solid var(--main-lightest-color);
    border-radius: 5px;
}

.home-menu a,
.home-menu a:active,
.home-menu a:focus {
    color: var(--main-lightest-color);
    background: none;
    border: 0.2em solid var(--main-color);
}
.home-menu a:hover {
    background: var(--secondary-color);
    border: 0.2em solid var(--secondary-color);
    border-radius: 5px;
    color: var(--main-lightest-color);
}

.home-menu .icon {
  display: none;
}

/*
 * -- SPLASH STYLES --
 * This is the blue top section that appears on the page.
 */

.splash-container {
    background-color: var(--secondary-color);
    z-index: 1;
    overflow: hidden;
    /* The following styles are required for the "scroll-over" effect */
    width: 100%;
    height: calc(88% - 3.9em);
    top: 3.9em;
    left: 0;
    position: fixed !important;
    font-family: 'Oswald' !important;

    /* ...and this to ensure it didn't repeat horizontally for huge window sizes */
    background-repeat: no-repeat;
    background-size: cover;
}

.splash {
    /* absolute center .splash within .splash-container */
 /*   width: 80%;
    height: 50%;
    margin: auto;*/
    margin: 0;
    /*position: absolute;*/
    /*top: 1.0em; left: 0; bottom: 0; right: 0;*/
    text-align: center;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    text-decoration: bold;
    font-size: 1.5em;
    padding-left: 0;
    padding-right: 0;
}

/* This is the main heading on the index */
.splash-head {
    font-size: 20px;
    font-weight: bold;
    color: var(--main-color);
    /*border: 3px solid var(--main-color);*/
    font-weight: 700;
    /*border-radius: 5px;*/
    line-height: 1em;
}

/* This is the subheading on the index */
.splash-subhead {
    color: var(--main-color);
    letter-spacing: 0.05em;
    opacity: 0.8;
}

/*
 * -- CONTENT STYLES --
 * This represents the white content areas
 */
.content-wrapper {
    /* These styles are required for the "scroll-over" effect */
    position: absolute;
    top: 6%;
    width: 100%;
    min-height: 12%;
    z-index: 2;
    background: white;
}

.content-wrapper.with-splash {
    top: 87%;
}

/* We want to give the content area some more padding */
.content {
    padding: 1em 1em 3em;
}

/* This is the class used for the main content headers (<h2>) */
.content-head {
    font-weight: 400;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.1em;
}

/* This is a modifier class used when the content-head is inside a ribbon */
.content-head-ribbon {
    color: white;
}

/* This is the class used for the content sub-headers (<h3>) */
.content-subhead {
    color: var(--secondary-color);
}
    .content-subhead i {
        margin-right: 7px;
    }

/* These are the classes used for external links to papers, patents, etc. */
h4 {
    margin: 0;
    font-size: 120%
}

/* This is the class used for reviewers' names. */
h5 {
    color: var(--main-lightest-color);
    font-size: 140%;
    margin: 0;
}

h6 {
    font-size: 110%;
    font-style: italic;
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

.review-subtext {
    color: var(--main-lightest-color);
    font-size: 90%;
    margin: 0;
}

.review-subsubtext {
    color: var(--main-lighter-color);
    font-size: 70%;
    font-style: italic;
    line-height: 90%;
    margin: 0;
}

/* This is the class used for the dark-background areas. */
.ribbon {
    background: var(--main-color);
    color: var(--main-lighter-color);
}

.ribbon a,
.ribbon a:link,
.ribbon a:active,
.ribbon a:visited {
    color: var(--secondary-color);
}

.ribbon a:hover {
    color: var(--main-lightest-color);
}

/*
 * -- ABOUT PAGE (MOSTLY) STYLES --
 * These classes are most for the About page, but also affect other areas.
 */
.about-image {
    border-radius: 10px;
    border-style: none;
    position: relative;
    z-index: -1;
}

.img-container-border {
    width: max-content;
    padding: 5px;
    border: 2px solid var(--main-color);
    border-radius: 14px;
}

.img-round {
    border-radius: 50%;
}

.img-rounded-corners {
    border-radius: 10px;
}

.img-underlay {
    box-shadow: 20px -20px var(--secondary-color);
}

.tight-paragraphs > p {
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
}

/*
 * -- GALLERY STYLES --
 * These classes are for the photo gallery used on the projects page.
 */
.gallery-container {
    border-radius: 10px;
}

.gallery-underlay {
    overflow: hidden;
    box-shadow: 20px -20px var(--secondary-color);
}

.photo-box, .text-box {
    overflow: hidden;
    position: relative;
    height: 250px;
    text-align: center;
    background-color: var(--main-color);
}

    .photo-box img {
        width: auto;
        max-width: 100%;
        height: auto;
        min-height: 250px;
        filter: url("data:image/svg+xml;utf8,<svg xmlns=\'http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\'><filter id=\'grayscale\'><feColorMatrix type=\'matrix\' values=\'0.3333 0.3333 0.3333 0 0 0.3333 0.3333 0.3333 0 0 0.3333 0.3333 0.3333 0 0 0 0 0 1 0\'/></filter></svg>#grayscale"); /* Firefox 10+, Firefox on Android */    
        -webkit-filter: grayscale(100%);
        -moz-filter: grayscale(100%);
        -ms-filter: grayscale(100%);
        filter: grayscale(100%);
        filter: gray; /* IE 6-9 */
    }

        .photo-box:hover img {
            -webkit-filter: none;
            -moz-filter: none;
            -ms-filter: none;
            filter: none;
        }

    .photo-box aside {
        position: absolute;
        bottom: 0;
        right: 0;
        padding: 0.3em 0.5em;
        color: var(--main-lightest-color);
        width: 100%;
        font-size: 80%;
        text-align: right;
        text-shadow: -1px -1px 0 #000, 1px -1px 0 #000, -1px 1px 0 #000, 1px 1px 0 #000;
    }

        .photo-box:hover aside {
            background: -moz-linear-gradient(top,  rgba(16,27,30,0) 0%, rgba(12,2,2,1) 90%); /* FF3.6+ */
            background: -webkit-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, color-stop(0%,rgba(16,27,30,0)), color-stop(90%,rgba(12,2,2,1))); /* Chrome,Safari4+ */
            background: -webkit-linear-gradient(top,  rgba(16,27,30,0) 0%,rgba(12,2,2,1) 90%); /* Chrome10+,Safari5.1+ */
            background: -o-linear-gradient(top,  rgba(16,27,30,0) 0%,rgba(12,2,2,1) 90%); /* Opera 11.10+ */
            background: -ms-linear-gradient(top,  rgba(16,27,30,0) 0%,rgba(12,2,2,1) 90%); /* IE10+ */
            background: linear-gradient(to bottom,  rgba(16,27,30,0) 0%,rgba(12,2,2,1) 90%); /* W3C */
            filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient( startColorstr='#00101b1e', endColorstr='#0c0202',GradientType=0 ); /* IE6-9 */
            text-shadow: none;
        }

.img-up {
    transform: translate(0%, -10%);
}

.text-box {
    background: var(--main-color);
}

    .text-box-head {
        color: var(--main-lightest-color);
        padding-bottom: 0.2em;
        font-weight: 400;
        text-transform: uppercase;
        letter-spacing: 0.05em;
        font-size: 24px;
        text-align: right;
    }

    .text-box-subhead {
        color: var(--main-lighter-color);
        font-weight: normal;
        letter-spacing: 0.1em;
        text-align: right;
    }

figure {
    display: table;
    margin: auto;
}

figcaption {
    display: table-caption;
    caption-side: bottom;
    font-size: 80%;
    line-height: 110%;
}

.tight-grid {
    padding-top: 0;
    padding-bottom: 0;
}

@media only screen and (min-width: 30em) {
    .photo-box, .text-box {
        text-align: left;
    }
}

/*
 * -- PHONE MEDIA QUERIES --
 * On phones and other small-sized devices, we want to customize some
 * of the mobile styles.
 */
@media only screen and (max-width: 47.99em) {
    .splash-container {
        background-image: url(../images/robert-portrait-sm.jpg);
        background-position: left 0;
    }

    .splash-head {
        font-size: 200%;
        margin-top: 0;
    }

    .splash {
        padding-top: 0.2em;
    }

    .is-not-vis-sm {
        display: none;
        visibility: hidden;
        padding: 0;
        margin: 0;
    }

    /* Responsive vertical menu classes */
    .home-menu .pure-menu-item:not(.icon) {
        display: none;
    }

    .home-menu .pure-menu-item.icon {
        display: block;
    }

    .home-menu.responsive {
        width: 100%;
    }

    .home-menu.responsive .pure-menu-item {
        display: block;
    }

    .home-menu.responsive .pure-menu-link {
        float: none;
        text-align: right;
    }

}

/*
 * -- TABLET (AND SMALLER) MEDIA QUERIES --
 * On tablets, phones, and other small-sized devices, we want to customize some
 * of the mobile styles.
 */
@media only screen and (max-width: 64em) {

    .is-vis-lg {
        visibility: hidden;
    }

    .is-not-vis-lg {
        visibility: visible;
    }

    .l-box {
        padding-bottom: 0;
    }

    .content-subhead {
        margin-bottom: 0;
    }

    .splash {
        padding-bottom: 0.5em;
    }

    /* These class modifications make the gallery look cool on smaller screens. */
    .gallery-underlay {
        box-shadow: none;
    }

    .text-box {
        border-bottom: 5px solid var(--secondary-color);
    }

    /* Gallery photo captions are hard to read without hover; always apply dark gradient on small screens */
    .photo-box aside {
            background: -moz-linear-gradient(top,  rgba(16,27,30,0) 0%, rgba(12,2,2,1) 90%); /* FF3.6+ */
            background: -webkit-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, color-stop(0%,rgba(16,27,30,0)), color-stop(90%,rgba(12,2,2,1))); /* Chrome,Safari4+ */
            background: -webkit-linear-gradient(top,  rgba(16,27,30,0) 0%,rgba(12,2,2,1) 90%); /* Chrome10+,Safari5.1+ */
            background: -o-linear-gradient(top,  rgba(16,27,30,0) 0%,rgba(12,2,2,1) 90%); /* Opera 11.10+ */
            background: -ms-linear-gradient(top,  rgba(16,27,30,0) 0%,rgba(12,2,2,1) 90%); /* IE10+ */
            background: linear-gradient(to bottom,  rgba(16,27,30,0) 0%,rgba(12,2,2,1) 90%); /* W3C */
            filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient( startColorstr='#00101b1e', endColorstr='#0c0202',GradientType=0 ); /* IE6-9 */
            text-shadow: none;
        }

 }

/*
 * -- TABLET (AND UP) MEDIA QUERIES --
 * On tablets and other medium-sized devices, we want to customize some
 * of the mobile styles.
 */
@media only screen and (min-width: 48em) {

    /* We increase the body font size */
    body {
        font-size: 18px;
    }

    .splash-container {
        background-image: url(../images/robert-portrait-md.jpg);
        background-position: right 0;
    }

        .splash-container .pure-g {
            position: absolute;
            top: 50%;
            -ms-transform: translateY(-50%);
            transform: translateY(-50%);
            width: 100%;
        }

    /* We decrease the width of the .splash, since we have more width
    to work with */
    .splash {
        width: 50%;
    }

    .splash-head {
        font-size: 250%;
    }

    .is-right-md {
        text-align: right;
    }

    .is-not-vis-md {
        visibility: hidden;
    }

}

/*
 * -- DESKTOP (AND UP) MEDIA QUERIES --
 * On desktops and other large devices, we want to over-ride some
 * of the mobile and tablet styles.
 */
@media only screen and (min-width: 64.01em) {
    /* We increase the header font size even more */
    .splash-head {
        font-size: 300%;
    }

    .splash-container {
        background-image: url(../images/robert-portrait-lg.jpg);
        background-position: right 0;
    }

    .splash.l-box-lrg {
        padding-top: 0.2em;
    }

    .is-right-lg {
        text-align: right;
    }

    .is-vis-lg {
        visibility: visible;
    }

    .is-not-vis-lg {
        visibility: hidden;
    }

    .content-subhead i {
        margin-right: 0;
        margin-left: 7px;
    }

    .pad-right-lg {
        padding-right: 5em;
    }

    .pad-left-lg {
        padding-left: 5em;
    }

    /* Add center gallery if screen is large */
    .gallery-container {
        border: none;
        margin-bottom: 5em;
        margin-left: auto;
        margin-right: auto;
        max-width: 2200px;
    }

    /* This class is used to add space around the gallery if scren is large*/
    .pad-big-lg {
        padding-left: 12em;
        padding-right: 12em;
    }

    .gallery-underlay {
        border-radius: 10px;
    }

}